be@ڭ̴HlX觋ӦwˮMA]NOQμtX Tarball ӶiMP{wˡCLAzӫܮeo{ANOCwˮM󳣻ݭn]w@~tΡB]wsĶѼơBڪsĶB̫٭n̾ڭӤHߦn觋ӦwˮMwCoL{Ouܳ·ЪAӥB󤣼ӨtΪBͨӻAٯuO֤HڡI
@
SQLApGڪ Linux tλPtӪtΤ@Ҥ@ˡAbtӪtΤWsĶXӪɡA۵M]NiHbڪtΤW]oI]NOAtӥbL̪tΤWsĶnFڭ̨ϥΪ̩һݭnMAMNoӽsĶni檺M󪽱XϥΪ̨ӦwˡAp@ӡAѩڭ̥ӴNϥμtӪ Linux distribution AҥHMtάO@˪AϥμtӴѪsĶLiɴNSDաIոܤ@ǡANOQ Windows wˤ觋Aѵ{}o̪bwtΤWsĶnAANӵ{ϥΪ̨ӦwˡApӤwC
@
pGbw˪ɭ٥iH[W@ǻPoǵ{TANLإߦƮwANiHiwˡBϦwˡBɯŻPҵ\o( Windows UysW{z )HITpAb Linux WܤִNر`o譱M޲zAOO RPM P Debian dpkg A𫟺SH RPM `CҥHUڭ̴NӤФ@U RPM oөNNoI
@

---

O RPM P SRPM

RPM WOy RedHat Package Manager z²٫h RPM աIUWqAoӮM޲z{O Red Hat oaqoiXӪAbܦhLM]M޲z{CLѩ RPM ϥΤWܤKAҥHNFثe̼M޲z{աI
@
򤰻O RPM OH²@IA RPM OH@ظƮwO觋ӱNAһݭnMw˨A Linux D@M޲z{CL̤jSINONznw˪MsĶL( pGݭn )åB]nFAzL]˦nMYw]ƮwOAOoӮMnw˪ɭԥnۨݩʼҲ( NOA Linux DݭnsbXӥM )Aw˦bA Linux DɡA RPM |̷ӮMYƬd Linux DۨݩʮMO_AYhHwˡAYhwˡCw˪ɭԴNNӮM󪺸TӼgJ RPM ƮwAHKӪdߡBһPϦwˡIoˤ@ӪuIOG

1. ѩwgsĶåB]AҥHwˤWܤK( ݭnAssĶ )F
2. ѩM󪺸TwgOb Linux DƮwWAܤKdߡBɯŻPϦwˡF

Oo]yܤjxZAѩ RPM {Owg]˦nơA]NOA̭ƤwgysĶzFIҥHAw˪ɭԤ@wݭnwˮɪDҤ~wA]NOAإ߳oӮM󪺦wҥ]nbADWX{~IҦp rp-pppoe o ADSL MALnb ppp oӮMsbҤU~iwˡIpGADèS ppp oӮMAܩpADzw ppp _h rp-pppoe NOAw˪( MziHjwˡAOq`|IDoʹNOFI )CҥHAq`P distribution X RPM ɮסAäΦbL distributions ̭A|ҨӻA Red Hat X RPM ɮסAq`Lkb Mandrake Wiw˪A󦳬ƪ̡AP]LkqAҦp Mandrake 9.0 RPM ɮ״NLkMΦb 8.2 WI]Ao˥iHo{LIOG

1. w˪ҥP]ɪһݨD@Pά۷F
2. ݭnM󪺬ۨݩʻݨDF
3. ϦwˮɻݭnSOpߡA̩hM󤣥iA_hiyӨtΪDI

HI٦nA٦ SRPM oӪFI SRPM OOHUWqALO Source RPM NA]NOo RPM ɮ׸̭tlX( Source Code )ISO`NOAo SRPM ҴѪM󤺮eyèSgLsĶzALѪOlXIq` SRPM ɦWOH ***.src.rpm oخ榡өRWCLAJM SRPM ѪOlXA򬰤ڭ̤ϥ Tarball Ӧw˴NnFHIoO] SRPM MeOlXAOLMtӮMһݭn̩ۨʮM󻡩BHΩҦ RPM ɮשҴѪơAPɡALP RPM POAL]ѤFѼƳ]w( NO configure P makefile աI )CҥHApGڭ̤UO SRPM Anw˸ӮMɡARPM M޲zN|(1)NӮMH RPM ޲z觋sĶA(2)MNsĶ RPM ɮצw˨ Linux tηCP RPM ɮ׬ۤA SRPM hF@ӭssĶʧ@AӥB SRPM sĶ| RPM ɮC
@
ǤFA SRPM o·ЧoI٭nssĶ@Aڭ̪ϥ RPM ӦwˤNnFIHq`@ӮMbXɭԡA|PXӮM RPM P SRPM Cڭ̲{bD RPM ɮץnbۦP Linux ҤU~wˡA SRPM JMOlX榡A۵Mڭ̴NiHzLק SRPM ѼƳ]wɡAM᭫ssĶͯAXڭ Linux Ҫ RPM ɮסAp@ӡANiHNӮMw˨ڭ̪tηAӤP@̥] Linux ҬۦPFHoNO SRPM γBFI

---

O i386, i586, i686, noarch

nաI{bڭ̤wgD RPM P SRPM 榡FAOG
@

xxxxxxxxx.rpm @<==RPM 榡AwggLsĶB]˧ rpm ɮסF xxxxx.src.rpm @<==SRPM榡A]tsĶlXTC

@
ڭ̫򪾹DoӮM󪺪BAΪxB]ƩOHIunzLɦWNiHDFIҦp rp-pppoe-3.1-5.i386.rpm oɮתNqG
@

rp-pppoe@-@@3.1@@@@-@@@5@@.@@ i386@@@ .rpm  MW  @M󪺪T@  Xơ@  AXw饭x@ ɦW

@
F᭱AXw饭xPɦW~ADnOHy-zӹj}UӳAoˤliHܲMo{ӮM󪺦W١BTB]ƻPާ@w饭xInFAӽͤ@ͨCӤPaaG

• MWG

MNOC@ӮM󪺦W٤FIWdҴNO rp-pppoe C
@
• TG

C@sNݭn@ӪTA_hp󪾹Do@OsO¡Ho̳q`SD򦸪AHWҡAD 3 AbD[cUʳlXeAX@ӷsANOաIHWҡANO 1 oI
@
• XG

]NOsĶաI򬰦ݭnƪsĶOHoOѩP@M󤤡Aiѩ󦳬Y bug Ϊ̬OwWU{AҥHns]w쥴]ɭԪ]wѼơA]w᭫ssĶå] RPM ɮסI]NP]ƥX{FI( GoӮɭԭlX٬O 3.1 ӪAuOUFsĶɪѼƤPӤwI )
@
• ާ@w饭xG

oOӫܦnaAѩ RPM iHAΦbPާ@xWAOѩ󤣦Px]wѼ٬OҮtʡIåBAڭ̥iHw CPU ӶįΤưѼƪ]wAҥHNҿת i386, i586, i686 P noarch ɮצW٥X{FI
@

i386	XGAΩҦ x86 xA׬Oª pentum Ϊ̬Os pentum-IV P K7 tC CPUAiH`u@I i O Intel ۮe CPU NAܩ 386 λANO CPU ŰաI
i586	NO 586 ŪqAOǩOH]A pentum Ĥ@N MMX CPUA AMD K5, K6 tC CPU ( socket 7 } ) CPU OoӵšF
i686	b pentun II H᪺ Intel tC CPU A K7 HᵥŪ CPU ݩo 686 šI
noarch	NOSw鵥ŤWC

@
ݭnB~OA i386 ɮץiHb󪺾WwA׬O 586 Ϊ̬O 686 AO i686 h@wiHϥΩ 386 Ϊ̬O 586 wWAoO] i686 RPM ɮצbsĶɭԡADnOw 686 w鵥Ū CPU ӶįΤƽsĶA 386/586 ŪwiѩLk䴩ӳ̨ΤưѼơAҥHLkϥΩOIt~Ab 686 Wϥ i686 ɮ׷|ϥ i386 ɮסAįin@ǡILצpAϥ i386 ӴNOSDաIt~Aѩ󤣦P distirbution |PһP祃wAҥHb i386 ]i|B~A[WӮM²gI

---

RPM uI

RPM HUuIG

• RPM ɮץwgsĶL binary ɮסAiH client ݪϥΪ̧KssĶxZF
• RPM ɮצbQwˤeARPM |ˬdtΪwЮeqB@~tΪAiקKɮ׳Qw˿~F
• RPM ɮץѮM󪩥TBۨݩʮMW١BMγ~BMҧtɮ׵TAKAѮMF
• RPM ޲z觋ϥθƮwO RPM ɮתѼơAKɯšBBd߻PҡC

RPM bϥΤWܤKOHڭ̫eLA RPM oӮM޲zҳBzMAOѮM󴣨Ѫ̦bSw Linux @~xWNӮMsĶAåB]nAϥΪ̥unoӥ]nMAMNYɮשmӭn\񪺥ؿANwoHIաINOoˡIOSQLAڭ̦be@ lXP Tarball ̭LAǮMOʪAҦpnw˺dXʵ{ANon kernel source P gcc make MCڭ̪ RPM MO_@wiHw˧OHIpGӮMwˤAo䤣LeXMAO·ЪܡH]w˦nM]LkϥΰڡI
@
FѨMoب㦳ʮM󤧶DANOҿתMۨݩʡARPM NbѮM󥴥]ɮ׮ɡAPɥ[J@ǰTn\AoǰT]AM󪺪B]M̡BۨݩʪMBM󪺥\໡BӮM󪺩Ҧɮ׻PؿBAMb Linux tΤWإߤ@ RPM MƮw( database )Ap@ӡAznwˬYӥH RPM AѪMɡAbw˪L{A RPM |h@UƮw̭O_wgsbMFApGƮwܤsbAo RPM ɮסyw]zNw( |ܤ@ǿ~T )CISAoӴNO RPM ɮ׳̬HҸfyMݩʬۨzDաI

---

RPM ݩʬ̪ۨJA觋

M RPM Mݩʬ̪ۨDAO RPM uIbOInnhAҥHܦhϥΪ٬Onϥ RPM Ӻ޲zۤvMAbo˪pUApѨM RPM ݩʬ̰ۨDOH²檺觋NObw RPM ɮתɭԡAoͮM̪ۨDɡAʥhUeXMAw˦noǮMAMAw˳̲׷Qnw˪MYiCOAp@ӫܪOϥΪ̪믫PɶA·ЪաISֳtkOH
@
IAѩ RPM ɮ׸̭tݩʬ̪ۨTsbApGڭ̥iHzLRoǰTAA{ۦhM䥼w˪eXMAèƥ[HwˡAp@ӤNѨMFݩʬ̪ۨxZFܡHISIOoˡIoNOثeҿת urpmi/apt/yum AȪѨӰաIoǪAȳOzLR RPM ɮת̸ۨTAMۦoۨݩʮMAۦ槹w˪ʧ@AI۷KOIoǸTڭ̷|b A[]g ̭i椶СAboӳ`Aڭ̥Dn٬OHª RPM DI

RPM ϥΨꤣAunϥ rpm oӫOYiI̳wNO rpm Odߥ\FAiHګܻNDYӨtΦSw˳nMOI~Aڭ̳̦n٬OonD@UA쩳 RPM ɮץL̬ONM󪺬ɮשmb̩OH٦Aڭ̻ RPM ƮwSOmb̩OH
@


---

RPM w]w˪|
@
@ӻARPM ɮצbw˪ɭԡA|hŪɮפO]wѼƤeAMNӸƥΨӤ Linux tΪ( Ҧpݩʬ̪ۨM )AҦpثe SSH oӻݳsun( аѦҦAg )ϥΪO OpenSSL [KAҥHAnw SSH ɭԡANonw˦n OpenSSL ~ڡApGSw OpenSSL ܡA SSH NzwˤFIodzO RPM ҪnDApGҬ۲ŴNHwˡApGŴN|ܥXŦXeҦbIw˧A rpm N|NM󪺸TgJG/var/lib/rpm oӥؿhIҥHAzbidߪɭԩΪ̬OwpnɯŪɭԡATN| /var/lib/rpm oӥؿeƨӴoI
@
@ӻAѩ RPM ƮwӬMTAҥH RPM MҾ֦ɮ׳mbtιw]mؿUAYpPڭ̦b ɮݩʻPؿtm @쪺G
@

/etc	@dz]wɩmؿAҦp /etc/crontab
/usr/bin	@ǥiɮ
/usr/lib	@ǵ{ϥΪʺA祃w
/usr/share/doc	@ǰ򥻪nϥΤUP
/usr/share/man	@ man page ɮ

@
nFAUڭ̴NӰwC RPM OӶi满oI

---

RPM w( install )

w˴NO install IҥHoAϥ rpm Ӧw˴N²աI]ڭnwˤ@ɦW rp-pppoe-3.1-5.i386.rpm ɮסAڥiHo( OoYǮMiݭnHtκ޲zӦw )G
@

[root@test root]# rpm -i rp-pppoe-3.1-5.i386.rpm

@
LAo˪ѼƨLkܦw˪iסAҥHAq`ڭ̷|oˤUFw˫OG
@

[root@test root]# rpm -ivh rp-pppoe-3.1-5.i386.rpm Preparing...     ####################################### [100%]    1:rp-pppoe    ####################################### [100%] # -i Ginstall N # -v Gݧӳw˸Te # -h GHw˸TCܦw˶iסAҦpW # rŸI @ # pGnw˨ӥHWMɡAiHoˡG [root@test root]# rpm -ivh a.i386.rpm b.i386.rpm *.rpm # ᭱iHhӮMI @ # ]iHѺWwˡAҦpG [root@test root]# rpm -ivh http://website.name/path/pkgname.rpm

@
t~ApGڭ̦bw˪L{o{DAΪ̤wgD|oͪDA٬OyNznw˳oӮMɡAiHϥΦpUѼơyjzwˤWhG
@

--nodeps	ϥήɾGpGzbwˬYӮMɡAѬOo{ rpm iDAyݩʬ̪ۨM|wzAӱzSQnjw˳oӮMɡAiH[W --nodeps i RPM nhˬdM󪺬̩ۨʡC MIGM|̩ۨʪ]O]|ϥΨ𫍧Υ\ApGjw˦ӤҼ{Mݩʬ̡ۨAhi|yӮM󪺵Lk`ϥΡI
--nomd5	ϥήɶGQˬd RPM ɮשҧt MD5 TɡC GٰOoڭ̦be@쪺 MD5 oӫѧaHISAo̫NOnˬd RPM M MD5 TCDzܲMoӮM󪺨ӷA_hijϥγoӰѼơC
--noscripts	ϥήɾGQӮMۦҥΩΪ̦ۦYǨtΫOC GRPM uIFiHNɮשmw줧~A٥iH۰ʰ@ǫem@~OAҦpƮwlơCpGzQn RPM z۰ʰo@OAN[WLaI
--replacefiles	ϥήɾGpGbw˪L{X{FyYɮפwgQw˦bztΤWzTASγ\X{XT( confilcting files )ɡAiHϥγoӰѼƨӪл\ɮסC MIGл\ʧ@OLk_쪺IҥHAznܲMDQл\ɮ׬OunI_h|L\I
--replacepkgs	ϥήɾGswˬYӤwgw˹LMI
--force	oӰѼƨNO --replacefiles P --replacepkgs XI
--test	ϥήɾGQnդ@UӮMO_iHQw˨ϥΪ̪ Linux ҷCdҬG rpm -ivh pkgname.i386.rpm --test

@
@ӻAw˪OjNOoǤFCq`ijϥ -ivh NnFApGw˪L{o{DA@Ӥ@ӥhNDXӡAɶqnϥΡyɤOw˪kzA]i|oͫܦhiwDOIDzܲMDϥΤWѼƫAw˪GOzwI
@

---

RPM ɯŻPs
@
ϥ RPM ӤɯůuO²FINH -Uvh -Fvh ӤɯŧYi( Gvh \ऴObܲӳTPw˶iצӤw )ILAoؤɯŤ觋OӤ@˪G
@

-Uvh	᭱MYϨSw˹LAhtαNHwˡFY᭱M󦳦w˹LªAhtΦ۰ʧsܷsF
-Fvh	pG᭱Måw˨z Linux tΤWAhӮM󤣷|QwˡFYuw˦ܱz Linux tΤM|QyɯšzI

@
ѤWӬݡApGzQnjqɯŨtªM( Ҧpw˧@~tΡAӷQnsM̷ܳs )Aϥ -Fvh hOn@kCOݭn`NOApGzϥΪO Fvh AzW|Lo@ӮMAܩpAӮMä|Qw˦bz Linux DWAҥHЭsH ivh Ӧw˧aI
@
q`Bͦbiӧ@~tΪªM׸ɮɡAwoiG
@
1. UoiӪ errata Ϊ̬Oꤺ FTP MUӳ̷s RPM ɮסF
2. ϥ -Fvh ӱNztΤw˹LMi׸ɻPɯšI( uOKrI)
@
MoAɯŤ]OiHQ --nodeps/--force ѼưաI

---

RPM d

RPM bdߪɭԡAdߪaOb /var/lib/rpm oӥؿUƮwɮװաIt~A RPM ]iHdɮפTIphdߩOHڭ̩UH ²檺dҨӻG
@

-q  M	ªd߸ӮM󪺪PO_sbӤwAҦpG rpm -q logrotate
-ql M	CXӮM󪺩ҦؿPɮ׳IҦpG rpm -ql logrotate
-qi M	CXӮM information (T)A̭Tih۩OA]AFMW١BB}oӡBSRPMɮצW١B]ơB²满TBM󥴥]̡BwˤIpGQnԲӪDӮM󪺸ơAγoӰѼƨAѤ@UCҦpG rpm -qi logrotate
-qf ɮ	oӰѼƫ᭱iOyɮסzoIeOMIoӥ\bdߨtΪYɮݩ@ӮMҦC|ҨӻApGQnD /etc/logrotate.conf OӮMҴѪAiHoˡG rpm -qf /etc/logrotate.conf
-qc M	d߸ӮM󪺳]wɩmؿW١AҦpG rpm -qc logrotate
-qd M	d߸ӮM󪺤󻡩ɮשm|W١AҦpG rpm -qd logrotate
-qR M	CXӮMݭnww˪ɮסAYݩʬ̮ۨMɮסIҦpG rpm -qR logrotate
-qa	᭱򳣤[JAJ rpm -qa Yioثe Linux tΤW@H RPM 觋wˤFh֪MI
-qp[licdR] ɮ	W쪺PtΪ /var/lib/rpm ƮwAӳo̴쪺hOP RPM ɮץC|ҨӻApGڤUF@ɦW pkgname.i386.rpm ɮסAڷQnDḼDnTAhG rpm -qpi pkgname.i386.rpm QnDPLMAhG rpm -qpR pkgname.i386.rpm

@
`dߴNOoǤFI
@

DG ڷQnDڪtηAH c }YM󦳴XӡAp갵H rpm -qa | grep ^c | wc -l ڪ WWW A Apache ALϥΪ RPM ɦW httpd C{bAڷQnDoӮM󪺩Ҧ]wɩmbBAiH@H rpm -qc httpd ӤWDApGdXӪ]wɮפwgQڧLAOڧѰOFgקLǦaAҥHQnswˤ@ӮMAӦp@H ]ӮMbW}G http://web.site.name/path/httpd-x.x.xx.i386.rpm hڥiHo˰G rpm -ivh http://web.site.name/path/httpd-x.x.xx.i386.rpm --replacepkgs pGڻ~FYӭnɮסAҦp /etc/crontabAoLݩ@ӮMAӫHI MwgSoɮפFALSYA] RPM b /var/lib/rpm ƮwڡIҥHUFG rpm -qf /etc/crontab NiHDOӮMoIswˤ@ӮMYiI

@

---

RPM һPƦñ

Ҫ\Dnb󴣨Ѩtκ޲z@ӦΪ޲zI@Ϊ觋Oyϥ /var/lib/rpm UƮweӤثe Linux tΪҤUҦMɮz]NOAzƤp߿򥢡AΪ̬O]z~FYӮMɮסAΪ̬OpߤDקY@ӮMɮפeANγo²檺kҤ@U쥻ɮרtΧaInzAѳo@}l쩳Oקɮ׸ƤFIҪ觋²G

@

-V  M	Ҥ@UoӮM󪺩Ҧɮ׬O_QʹLAuQʹLɮפ~|QCXӡCҦpG rpm -V logrotate
-Va	CXثetηҦQʹLɮסCҦpG rpm -Va
-Vp M	CXӮMWiwgQʹLɮסAҦpG rpm -Vp pkgname.i386.rpm
-Vf ɮ	d\@UYɮ׬O_QʹLAҦpG rpm -Vf /etc/logrotate.conf

@

nFAګ򪾹D쩳ڪɮ׳QʹLeOHI²檺@UaIҦpAڭˬd@U logrotate oӮMG
@

# ݤ@U logrotate XɮסH [root@test root]# rpm -ql logrotate /etc/cron.daily/logrotate /etc/logrotate.conf /etc/logrotate.d /usr/sbin/logrotate /usr/share/doc/logrotate-3.6.8 /usr/share/doc/logrotate-3.6.8/CHANGES /usr/share/man/man8/logrotate.8.gz /var/lib/logrotate.status # I@ 8 ɮ׳I @ # AӬݤ@UXɮ׳QʹLFHI [root@test root]# rpm -V logrotate ..5....T c /etc/logrotate.conf @ # ǩǡIeXөNNOOHIUI S Gfile Size differs @@ɮתeqjpO_Q M GMode differs (includes permissions and file type) @@ɮתɮתݩʡApO_i浥ѼƤwQ 5 GMD5 sum differs @@MD5 o@إ[KbݩʤwQ D GDevice major/minor number mis-match @@˸mW٤wQ L GreadLink(2) path mis-match @@Link ݩʤwQ U GUser ownership differs @@ɮתݤHwQ G GGroup ownership differs @@ɮתݸsդwQ T GmTime differs @@ɮתإ߮ɶwQ

@
ҥHApG@ɮשҦTQʹLALܴN|OG
@

SM5DLUGT c filename

@
ܩ󨺭 c NOy Config file zNA]NOɮתAɮUoXG

• c G]w(config file)
• d G(documentation)
• g Gɮסq`OɮפQYӮMҥ]tAֵo͡I(ghost file)
• l Gvɮ(license file)
• r GŪɮ(read me)

gLҪ\AzNiHDɮ׳QʹLCpGɮתܧOywzANSjDAOpGɮ׬OyDwzAO_QJIFOHIo`N`NoI
@
AӡAѩƦñҪAڭ Linux RPM ]iHQμƦñҨӧP_ݦw˪Mɮ׬O_DI@ڭ̨ϥΪO GPG _( public key )CΪk²AAڭ̷QnϥάYӹXMɡANݭnNLX GPG _w˦bۤv Linux tΤWCMAw˸ӹXMɡAN|ˬd̪ key O_ۦPApGۦPNwˡApGPN|bùWܰTizåw˸ӹ骺 GPG _I
@
w˪_k²AҦp Red Hat N_btηAw˦pUG
@

[root@test root]# rpm --import /usr/share/rhn/RPM-GPG-KEY

@
pdooӪ_TOHϥΪk²G
@

[root@test root]# rpm -qa | grep gpg gpg-pubkey-e30di49b-392ksif1 gpg-pubkey-dkdf93ke-35698248 [root@test root]# rpm -qi gpg-pubkey-e30di49b-392ksif1 Name        : gpg-pubkey   Relocations: (not relocateable) Version     : e30di49b          Vendor: (none) Release     : 392ksif1      Build Date: Mon 29 Sep 2003 07:29:13 PM CST Install Date: Mon 29 Sep 2003 07:29:13 PM CST      Build Host: localhost Group       : Public Keys   Source RPM: (none) Size        : 0                License: pubkey Signature   : (none) Summary     : gpg(Matthias Saou (Thias) <matthias.saou@est.une.marmotte.net>) Description : -----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- Version: rpm-4.2 (beecrypt-2.2.0) mQGiBDlgvfERBADevsErSu+DAnE90dFPnpEX20elyZAmuRExGbcUJWSoJynohtGCa9fW6JY8 zm/Dm2dC8f1sSNQ2w7CFG7XRBfyQcL4AqrNKbOMeCl66Tgj+NURUHsnVyU3ASXROxVQ4/yJ6 9PVFomj0sealdEyDXDQoXhvgyI26qe3rriKBefCbRwCg+TdHq5I8B/9X7QLnWg7sZk7iI7sD /27S9r4PS+FU9N26BvdgOvGeW6+1O/oqAU6HB+EFeGw0+uNbLjxPy1A9R5+M/FBZBMeyTO0S 83RVrnNfp5qzfAn8uo4EWg8eb1w== =Sm+P -----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

@
o˴NݨToI ^_^

---

RPM Ϧw˻PظƮw

Ϧw˴NONMѰw˰աIn`NOAyѦw˪L{@wnѳ̤WhUѰzAH rp-pppoe ҡAo@ӮMDnO̾ ppp oӮMӦw˪AҥHznѰ ppp ɭԡANnѰ rp-pppoe ~I_hN|o͵cWDաIoӥiHѫؿvӻApGAnBӡAMnѤө_A_hFĤӡAWӼhD|ašH
@
򭫫ظƮwOHѩڭ̷|@bק@ɮפeAҦp /etc/xinetd.d YѼɮסA[Wiۨtξާ@L{sWBʧ@AɭPtΪƮwIáAoӮɭԥiHϥ --rebuilddb ӭؤ@U rpm ƮwIoӤkѼƦpUoG
@

[root@test root]# rpm -e logrotate  <==Ѧw logrotate M [root@test root]# rpm --rebuilddb   <==ظƮw

ͧF RPM M󤧫AAӧڭ̽ͤ@ͥ]tF Source code SRPM ӦpϥΩOHIpѧڭ̥ѺWUF@ SRPM ɮסAӦpw˥LHSApGڷQnקo SRPM ̭lX]wȡASӦpqPssĶOHI~A̻ݭn`NOAs rpm wgN RPM P SRPM O}FASRPM ϥΪO rpmbuild oӫOAӤO rpm IpGzO Red Hat 7.3 HeΤAШϥ rpm ӴN rpmbuild աI

---

QΨtιw]Ȧw SRPM ɮ

]ڤUF@ SRPM ɮסASQn׭qoɮפlXP]wȡAڥiHsĶæw˶ܡHMiHIQ rpmbuild tXѼƧYiCѼƥDnUӡG

 

--rebuild	oӰѼƷ|N᭱ SRPM iysĶzPy]zʧ@A̫| RPM ɮסAOͪ RPM ɮרèSw˨tΤWCzϥ --rebuild ɭԡA̫q`|o{@rG Wrote: /usr/src/RPM/RPMS/i386/pkgname.i386.rpm oӴNOsĶ RPM ɮoIoɮ״NiHΨӦw˰աIw˪ɭԽХ[|Ӧw˧YiI
--recompile	oӰʧ@|ysĶzy]zåBywˡzoIЪ`NA rebuild ȡysĶå]zӤwA recompile isĶ򥴥]A٦PɶiywˡzFI

@ӻApGsĶʧ@QܡAsĶL{ҲͪȦsɳ|Q۰ʧRApGoͥ~AhӤɮ׷|QOdbtΤWAݨϥΪ̪ʧ@IAӦp󰣿OHIpGQnۦ气ANonDQ SRPM ɭԡAtη|ʥΨǭnؿFIUڭ̴Nӽͤ@ͷBz SRPM ɡAtη|ϥΨ쪺ؿC

---

SRPM ϥΪ|PݭnM
@
SRPM JMt source code A𫟺w]woAҥHڭ̥ݭnDAo SRPM bisĶɭԡA|ϥΨǥؿOHoˤ@Ӥ~ӭקIAiHA /usr/src oӥؿ̭hdݤ@UAq`C distribution ѪؿӬۦPAH Mandrake 9.0 ҡALOH /usr/src/RPM u@ؿA Red Hat OH /usr/src/redhat u@ؿA Openlinux hOH /usr/src/openlinux u@ؿILצpAϥNOb /usr/src oӥؿUNFInF /usr/src/redhat Yhݤ@G
@

/usr/src/redhat/SPEC	oӥؿmOӮM󪺳]wɡAҦpoӮM󪺸TѼơB]wصmbo̡F
/usr/src/redhat/SOURCE	oӥؿmOӮM󪺭lɡ]*.tar.gzɮס^H config oӳ]wɡF
/usr/src/redhat/BUILD	bsĶL{AǼȦsƳ|mboӥؿF
/usr/src/redhat/RPMS	gLsĶAåBQsĶ\AN]ɮשmboӥؿCY]tF i386, i586, i686, noarch.... ؿC

@
~AbsĶL{Ai|oͤ~AΪ̬O]w~AoӮɭԴN|b /tmp Uͤ@Ӭ۹~ɡAziHھڸӿ~ɶi气u@OIҦDѨMA]sĶ\FAY᪺ɮסANOb /usr/src/redhat/SPEC, SOURCE, BUILD ɮ׳|QAӥuѤUmb /usr/src/redhat/RPMS UɮפFI
@
ѩ SRPM ݭnssĶAӽsĶL{Aڭ̦ܤֻݭn make P{A gcc, c, c++ LsĶΪ{yӶisĶAҥHApGzbw˪L{Sn}ou㤧MAIosXAСAMAw˳IIuOonJA@j諸ݩʬ̪ۨDNOFI٬OijzAݤ@UpwaI

---

]wɪDne

ڭ̦bWLFASRPM٥iH@dz]weAnpקodz]weOHڭ̥H²檺 rp-pppoe oӮMӻnFAAiHsW Internet W rp-pppoe xU SRPM AΪ̥ѥHU觋ӤUoӮM(Ъ`NUɮ׬O 2004/04 ̷sɮ׸ơAibzݨ쥻ɡAoӮMwgsFAҥHЪWU}ӤUaIhttp://www.roaringpenguin.com/pppoe/)Cܩ򥻪L{pUG
@

1. U SRPM nG [root@test root]# wget \ > http://www.roaringpenguin.com/products/rp-pppoe/rp-pppoe-3.5-1.src.rpm @ 2. N SRPM Ѷ}b/usr/src/redhat Uؿ [root@test root]# rpm Vi rp-pppoe-3.5-1.src.rpm @ 3. [@UǭlXOH [root@test root]# cd /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES [root@test SOURCE]# ls Vl -rw-rw-r--    1 root     root       189321 Jul  8 22:38 rp-pppoe-3.5.tar.gz # IWܧڭ̪lXNOoɮװաI

@
nFAӬݬݧڭ̪]wѼɡAYOb /usr/src/redhat/SPECS *.spec ɮoI
@

[@Uw]]wɮפeG [root@test root]# cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS [root@test SPECS]# vi rp-pppoe.spec @@ # SIoӴNOSRPMw]]weɮoAihק@UA̭ƦIoˡG Summary: PPP Over Ethernet (xDSL support) Name: rp-pppoe Version: 3.5 %if %(%{expand:test %{_vendor} != mandrake ; echo $?}) Release: 1mdk %else Release: 1 %endif Copyright: GPL Group: System Environment/Daemons Source: http://www.roaringpenguin.com/pppoe/rp-pppoe-3.5.tar.gz Url: http://www.roaringpenguin.com/pppoe/ Packager: David F. Skoll <dfs@roaringpenguin.com> BuildRoot: /tmp/pppoe-build Vendor: Roaring Penguin Software Inc. Requires: ppp >= 2.3.7 # LIC: GPL %description PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) is a protocol used by many ADSL Internet Service Providers. Roaring Penguin has a free client for Linux systems to connect to PPPoE service providers. The client is a user-mode program and does not require any kernel modifications. It is fully compliant with RFC 2516, the official PPPoE specification. %prep %setup cd src ./configure --mandir=%{_mandir} %build cd src make cd ../gui make %install cd src make install RPM_INSTALL_ROOT=$RPM_BUILD_ROOT cd ../gui make install RPM_INSTALL_ROOT=$RPM_BUILD_ROOT %clean rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT %files %defattr(-,root,root) %doc doc/CHANGES doc/HOW-TO-CONNECT doc/LICENSE doc/KERNEL-MODE-PPPOE README SERVPOET %config(noreplace) /etc/ppp/pppoe.conf G٦ܦhTAQڬٲFIDFNnI %changelog * Thu Jul 21 2001 Shigechika AIKAWA <shige@cin.nihon-u.ac.jp> - merged rp-pppeo.spec and rp-pppoe-gui.spec

@
`N쪺Orp-pppoe.sepcoɮסAoODnNSRPMsĶRPM]wɡAL򥻳WhiHoˬݡG

1. ɮת}YHSummary}lAo]wO̰¦eF
2. MCӤPqAH%Ӱ}YAҦp%prepP%installF

ڭ̨ӽͤ@ʹXӱ`SRPM]wqG

• tξT譱G
@

Summary	DnM󻡩AҦpWAڭ̻FLOpppγ~աI
Name	oӴNOM󪺦W١F
Version	oӬOM󪺪TF
Release	oӬOӪ]ƻAbMandrakḙA|۰ʪA]w]ƳINO1mdkөNNF
Copyright	oӮM󪺱vҦAڭ̬OϥGPLաI
Group	oӮM󪺵oiW١F
Source	oӮM󪺨ӷApGOWUMAq`@w|oӸTӧiDjaoӭlɪӷI
Url	oӭlXDnxF PackagerGoӮMOgѽ֨ӥ]OH
Vender	oitӭF
ExclusiveArch	oӬOoӮM󪺾AXw˪wAq`w]i386AMAA]iHվ㬰i586յI
Requires	pGAoӮMٻݭnLM󪺤䴩Ao̴NݼgWӡAhAs@RPMAtδN|۰ʪhˬdաIoNOyۨݩʡzDnӷoI

@
WXӸƳq`ݭngաIOpGAnSۨݩʪYɡANiHݭnRequiresoI
@
• %description

NzM󰵤@²uIoӤ]OݭnC

• %prep

o]wby|i]wΦwˤeAAnsĶRPMAƥƱzANOprepare²goILu@ƶDnG
@
1. MMһݭnؿO_wgsbHT{ΪI
2. ƥإ߱zMһݭnؿAΪ̨ƥݭni檺ȡF
3. pGݦw˪LinuxtΤwgw˪ɭԥi|Qл\ɮ׮ɡANݭniƥ(backup)u@FI
@
jPu@NOoǰաI

• %setup

oӬqNObإߧڭ̦bTarballMakefileɮװաIҥHOAMNO./config]wɮoIpGAnۤvsWۤvѼơANiHboӦa[JA]wȡIpGAn饻So譱ݭnA̭NݭnsgeoI

• %build

buildNOإ߰ڡIҥHMoAoӬqNObͫmakesĶi檺{oI

• %install

sĶ(build)ANOnw˰աIw˴NOgbo̡A]NOTarbalḽmake installNoI

• %files

oӮMw˪ɮ׳ݭngǫӡAM]AFyؿzIҥHsPؿФ@_goӬqIHƬdOI^_^

• %changelog

oӥDnhObOoӮM󴿸gsoI

nFApGzۭqTQn[JܡANܧAn[JӬqANLק@UaIҦpApGAb]wMakefileɭԡAƱh@B~ѼƳ]wAN %setup ӬqANLק令zһݭnˤlANiHoI

---

SRPM sĶO

AөOHISAק粒FA۵MNOnNLsĶiHw˪RPMɮװաIoӮɭԧڭ̴NiHb/usr/src/redhat/SPECSUUFG
@

[root@test SPECS]# rpmbuild -bb rp-pppoe.spec  <==sĶRPMɮ [root@test SPECS]# rpmbuild -ba rp-pppoe.spec  <==]SRPMɮ

@
oӮɭԨtδN|o˰G

1. iJBUILDoӥؿAbMandrake 9.0NO/usr/src/RPM/BUILDAbRed HatUNO/usr/src/redhat/BUILDoӥؿF
2. ̷*.specɮפNamePVersion]wwqXu@ؿW١AHڭ̤WҤlҡAtδN|bBUILDؿRrp-pppoe-3.5ؿAAsإߤ@rp-pppoe-3.5ؿAöiJӥؿF
3. bsتؿ̭AwSOURCESؿUӷɮסA]NO*.spec̭Source]wɮסAHtariYAHڭ̳oӨҤlӻAh|b/usr/src/redhat/BUILD/rp-pppoe-3.5AN/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/rp-pppoe-3.5.tar.gziYաI
4. MN}l%setupu@F
5. AӶ}l%build%install]wPsĶI
6. ̫N]ɮ׵LmөmahApGAWwwObi386tΡA̫sĶ\*.i386.rpmɮ״N|Qmb/usr/src/RPM/RPMS/i386̭oIpGOi586۵MNO/usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i586ؿUoI

ӨBJjNOoˤlI̫᪺GƷ|mbRPMSӥؿUNաI

oӴNFIڭ̦ۤvӽs@Uۤvs@RPMˡH|ܡH|Io²檺H@ӤpҤlӻIЪ`NAoӯuuO@ӤpҤlAҥHnıo_dzI𫟺Aݭn`NAѩbWBJAڭ̪DbNSRPMsĶRPMɭԡA|Htaro{ӱNɮ׸Ѷ}A]Aڭ̦biӷɮתإ߮ɡANݭnNL]@tar.gztarballɮפ~I

]ڭ̽sF@scriptAeOoˡG
@

[root@test root]# cd /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES [root@test SOURCES]# vi showvbird.sh #!/bin/bash # This file is just used to demo the RPM packaging. # the only thing is showing the hostname. HOST=`/bin/hostname` /bin/echo $HOST @ [root@test SOURCES]# chmod 755 showvbird.sh [root@test SOURCES]# tar Vzcvf showvbird.tar.gz showvbird.sh # `NFAڭ̥ݭnNL]~I

@
Wʧ@Aڭ̽sF@shell scriptɮסAɦWshowvbird.shAåBNL]㦳gzipYtarballɮסA]NOshowvbird.tar.gzo˪ɮפ~IЪ`NAoshowvbird.tar.gzɮסyݡzmbSOURCESؿUI

AӫhOns诊ӫܭn*.specɮoIAiHo²檺sg@UG
@

[root@test root]# cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS [root@test SPECS]# vi showvbird.spec Summary:   This is a demo RPM package. Name:      showvbird Version:   1.0 Release:   1 Copyright: GPL Group:     VBird's Home Source:    showvbird.tar.gz   <==oӴNOإ߰_ӪTarballɮסI Url:       http://vbird.org.cn Packager:  VBird %description This package is just a demo RPM. %prep %setup Vc %install install -m 755 showvbird.sh /usr/local/bin/showvbird.sh %files /usr/local/bin/showvbird.sh

@
nFI}lLsĶå]RPMɮװաI
@

[root @test SPECS]# rpmbuild -bb showvbird.spec K.() Wrote: /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i586/showvbird-1.0-1.i586.rpm

@
̫oӳQ]\ɮ״NQmb/usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i586/showvbird-1.0-1.i586.rpmoIMᵹLwˤ@UG
@

[root@test SPECS]# rpm Vivh /usr/src/RPM/RPMS/i586/showvbird-1.0-1.i586.rpm Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]    1:showvbird              ########################################### [100%] [root @test SPECS]# rpm Vqi showvbird Name        : showvbird                    Relocations: (not relocateable) Version     : 1.0                          Vendor: (none) Release     : 1                            Build Date: Wed 06 Nov 2002 11:27:17 PM CST Install date: Wed 06 Nov 2002 11:27:42 PM CST      Build Host: test.linux.org Group       : VBird's Home                 Source RPM: showvbird-1.0-1.src.rpm Size        : 143                          License: GPL Packager    : VBird URL         : http://vbird.org.cn Summary     : This is a demo RPM package. Description : This package is just a demo RPM. [root @test SPECS]# showvbird.sh test.linux.org [root @test SPECS]# rpm Vql showvbird /usr/local/bin/showvbird.sh       <==KKIwgO_ӤFIۤvnCI

@
Ϋ²檺觋ANiHNۤvnΪ̵{LקP]wIܤaIHzNiHۦ]wARPMoIMA]iHʭקzSRPMӷɤeoI

u RPMG
o@OӦ쪺DGypGڭnɯŪܡAΪ̬Oswˤ@ӷsMAӿ RPM ٬O Tarball Ӧw˩OHzI򥻤WApG RPM iHѵz distribution ӦwˡAåBSYۨݩʪDɡAI RPM Ӧw˷|O@ӤnѨMסA Why HoOѩWN쪺 RPM nB աIiH㦳ɮ׻PƧuIAoNOW쪺 /var/lib/rpm oӥؿ̭ƮwAoӰOiHAb޲zW󬰫KQA]AW쪺 RPM ɯšBwˡBһPCרObdߤWIiHAb޲zAtΤW󬰫KQCO RPM ]OSIA]A̬jaҩssyݩʬۨzDAC@ӤPANnHP RPM ɮרӦwˡI~ApGnɯšyY@ӮMzӤwɡAq`ٻݭnsaLM]n@_ɯŤ~A_h|DI~A@ӮMgLFyjTתקzAq`ª RPM Ps RPM wgXGLkyۮezɡAIɯũΪ̬OiO|aHIҦp̪Ḇͭ``ݨ쪺 Apache 1.3.xx P 2.0.xx ɯŰDIѩ[cWtʤӤjA[Wݩʬ̰ۨDAҥHo@ӧѨMסAoӮɭ RPM NXAFC( Dzn@Ӥ@ӪN Apache AsP̪ۨMAMAN Apache @Ӥ@ӪwˡA]AsM󪺬̮ۨMI ^_^ .....ڬO|o򰵪I )

²kG
pG RPM ɮרäOoeoܡAoӮɭ Tarball 觋NSOAXzwˤFIoO] Tarball iHۦ]wsĶɪѼơA~A]iHۦ]wyw˸|zA۷AXQnwˡyhӤPP@ӮMzp( FNOվ )IoO򻡩OHIѩ RPM ntXtθ̭LۨݩʪMAҥH򥻤WALw˸|( NOCɮתm| )zפWOnbTwؿANOHNܥLw˸|C]AӤPۦPMQnժɭԡAj@wNoNA~w˨ϥηsoI( ~Aѩ̪ۨMXGwg]tb tarball FAҥHwˤWäI)

۹ RPM 榡A tarball iNFhFIAiHۦsĶMåBNLw˦bP|AunbҰʪɭԿܥTA򤣦PMiHPɪsb@ӨtηAӥBiHzLܱҰʪɮרӱҰʤPCMoIA]iH tarball w˻P RPM w˦Pɦsb@ӨtηAOݭnSOdNOAAbҰʸӮM󪺮ɭԡAdUOoAҰʸ|IKoҰʨF~FII( o]O@ӨtΦsbPhӪMeoͪ~IƱjaAѳoӰDOI )

ҥHAFקKoظ|W~xZA򥻤WAڭ̳Ʊ Tarball w˸|iH]wb Linux 쥻NWnjaw˪|y /usr/local zoӸ|UIo˥iH٥h۷hMɮתɶIӥBb޲zW]|eII

LA Tarball ̳·Ъa観XIG

• ϦwˡG

Tarball ̳·ЪaNbLyѦwzFI۷QIpGO²檺NҦMw˦b@ӥؿUܡAҦp /usr/local/mrtg ɡAѦwٺ²ANONӸ|N OK աIOpGO sendmail o@ةOHL|Owgm( ݭnb /etc/sendmail.cfB/etc/mail U )lܤϦw˪|NܷФHF

• uWdߡG

pGzw˸|Ob /usr/local UܡAɷ|Qm /usr/local/bin AΪ̬O /usr/local/sbin UAѼɷ|b /usr/local/etc UAuWdɮ׷|b /usr/local/man UAҥHb]wW٦dߤWٺ²( |]w@UYiI )ALApGAONMw˦bW|UOHҦp /usr/local/mrtg UAܦF /usr/local/mrtg/bin UA̳·ЪaNO man page ( uWd )maI|ܦb /usr/local/mrtg/man UFIV|Iw] man page |N䤣ӻoIoӮɭԴNnʪNӸ|[J /etc/man.conf oɮפIӥBɩm|]SwAiHg (1)Link 觋Ϊ (2)]w PATH ܼƪ觋NӸ|[ihաITO·ЪաI

ҥHARPM P Tarball UuIALApG RPM ܡAuv٬Ob RPM wˤWA޲zWKQAOpGM󪺬[ctʤӤjAΪ̬OLkѨMۨݩʪDAPj⪺ɶPObѨMݩʬ̪ۨDWA٤pH tarball ӦwˡAPSgNI

• RPM WO Red Hat Package ManagerA쥻O Red Hat qҵoiAyǬƼsF
• RPM M󤤡AҧtMOgLsĶ᪺ binary file AҥHiHw˦bϥΪ̺( Client )tΤWALA]ѩpAҥH RPM w˪̪ҭnD۷YF
• RPM FNMw˦ܨϥΪ̪tΤW~Aٷ|NӮM󪺪BW١Bɮ׻PؿtmBtλݨDOƮw( /var/lib/rpm )AKӪd߻PɯšBF
• RPM iw藍Pw鵥Ũӥ[HsĶAs@XӪɮץiɦW( i386, i586, i686 )ӤF
• RPM ̤jDM󤧶̩ۨʰDF
• SRPM Source RPM Atɮ׬ Source code ӫD binary file AҥHw SRPM ٻݭngL compile ALASRPM ̤juINOiHϥΪ̦ۦק]wѼ( makefile/configure Ѽ )AHŦXϥΪ̦ۤv Linux ҡF

̫eLFAMɯų̥DnҶqNOywʡzաIҥHHɪ`Nwʤ譱DIثeꤺDnwGyxWMBzpzoӲ´AHɪ`NWoGsDIt~ApG򳾭@˨ϥΪO Red Hat distrubution ܡA Red Hat Errata hi{InաIUCXX RPM P Red Hat Errata ѤjaѦoI

• RPM ]ɮ׺޲z{Ghttp://www.study-area.org/tips/rpm.htm
• RPM HOW-TOGhttp://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/RPM-HOWTO.html
• RPM ϥΡGhttp://linux.tnc.edu.tw/techdoc/rpm-howto.htm
• jaӧ@ RPM Ghttp://freebsd.ntu.edu.tw/bsd/4/3/2/29.html
• @ RPM ѡGhttp://linux.tnc.edu.tw/techdoc/maximum-rpm/rpmbook/
• Red Hat Errata Ghttps://#/apps/support/errata/

• ²满 RPM P SRPM PH
• dߨtΤW RPM MƮɡAtΥѦBoӮM󪺰TH(/var/lib/rpm/*)
• ]ڷQnwˤ@ӮMAҦp pkgname.i386.rpm AoѬOo͵Lkw˪DAаݧڥiH[JǰѼƨӱjw˥LH
• ӤWDAz{jwˤAӮMO_iH`HH
• ǤHϥ OpenLinux 3.1 Server w˦bۤv P-166 MMX Aoo{LkwˡAbdߤFӭ쪩ЪeAo{̭ɮצW٬ ***.i686.rpm CаݡALkw˪i]H
• аݧڨϥ rpm -Fvh *.rpm rpm -Uvh *.rpm ӤɯŮɡAA̦󤣦PH