zO_LɮפӤjAɭPLkH@nбNLƻsxZHSAzO_LAo{@ӳṋnhɮסAoɮ׭nNLƻsPaܤKDH٦AzO_LnƥYǭnơAoǸƶqӤjFAӱFAܦhwлPϺЪŶOHoӮɭԡAӦnΪyɮYz޳NiNWγFI]oǤjɮ׳zLҿתɮY޳NAiHNLϺШϥζqCAiHFCɮ׮eqĪGA~AY{٥iHieqAϤ@ӤjɮץiHΦƭӤpɮסAHKnФaOI
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򤰻OyɮYzOHڭ̨ӵyLͤ@ͥLznFCثeڭ̨ϥΪqtΤOϥΩҿת bytes ӭpqILAƹWAq̤ppqӬO bits ~ڡA~Aڭ̤]D 1 byte = 8 bits COpGѧڭ̥uOOФ@ӼƦrAYO 1 oӼƦrOHL|pOH]@ byte iHݦUҼˡG(Gѩ 1 byte = 8 bits AҥHC byte | 8 ӪŮAӨCӪŮiHO 0, 1 Ao̶ȬO@ӬСAṲ̄NO )

ӥѩڭ̰OƦrO 1 AҼ{qҿתGiAp@ӡA 1 |b̥k 1 bit AӨL 7 bits N|۰ʪQW 0 oIAݬݡAbo˪ҤlA 7 bits ӬOyŪz~ILAFnثeڭ̪@~tθƪsAҥHN|NӸର byte AӰOFIӤ@oqu{vNQΤ@ǽp觋ANoǨSϥΨ쪺ŶyzXӡAHɮצΪŶܤpIoNOY޳NաI²檺AAiHNLQAɮ׸̭۷hyŶzsbAäO񺡪AӡyYz޳NNONoǡyŶz񺡡AHɮצΪeqUILAoǡyYLɮסzõLkQڭ̪@~tΩҨϥΪA]AYnϥγodzQYLɮ׸ơAhNLy٭z^ӥYeҼˡANOҿתyYzoIӦܩYePY᪺ɮשҦΪϺЪŶjpANiHQ٬OyYzoIh޳Nγ\AiHѦҤ@U GNU peYO gzip CMA o ]Od@ơAӰѦҤΩOI
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oӡyYzPyYzʧ@nBOH̤jnBNOYLɮ׮eqܤpFAҥHAwЮeqLΤNiHeǧhơA~Ab@Ǻƪǿ餤A]|ѩƶqCAnWeiHΨӧ@hu@IӤOѬOdb@ǤjɮפWOIثeܦh WWW ]OQɮY޳NӶiƪǰeAniQβvWɳI( Goا޳NZ쪺ILzWyݪ쪺ơzbgLǿɡAϥΪOyYLơzAoYLƨFAqDɡAAiYAѩثeqBt׬۷ֳtA]bsɭԡAɶObyƪǿzWAӤO CPU BաIAp@ӡAѩYLƶqCFA۵Mǰet״N|W֤֡I )YzO@nu{vA۫Hz]|wNAۤvnYᴣѤjaUӨϥΡASHwۤvѤѳOWeaHI|ӨҤlӻA Linux 2.4.19 㪺֤ߤjp 200 MB kAӥѩ֤ߥDnhO ASCII code srAɮסAoɮתyhlŶz̦hFCӤ@ӴѤUYL 2.4.19 ֤ߤjȦ 30MB kAtFXOHziHۤv@I

pGz``bW Linux ƤUӪܡAj|oOAoǨѤHUɮ׳q`OyYzLIFHWwgyLLաIIYLɮר㦳`WeB`ٺϺЪŶuIAåB٤KaOI ^_^ IӡAzӤ]|DAodzQYLɮסAq`ɦWOy *.tar, *.tar.gz, *.tgz, *.gz, *.Z, *.bz2 zAnqwoYɮתɦWo˪Ҽ˩OHoO]b Linux WYO۷hAåBAoYOiLkwCYɮ׳iHѪ}AثeY޳NKACYp⪺kOۦPAҥHoAAYYɮɡA۵MNݭnDYLOӫOաAnΨӹӵ۸YڡI ^_^I]NOAM Linux ɮתݩʰ򥻤WOPɦWSYAणPLɮݩʦӤwAPɦWYܤpIOAFUڭ̤ppHUʤlAҥHAɮצW٪ɦW٬OnI]AثeN@DZ``쪺YɮתɦWաIڭ̶ȦCX`X˦bUAjavѦҤΡG

•  *.Z       compress {YɮסF
•  *.bz2     bzip2 {YɮסF
•  *.gz      gzip {YɮסF
•  *.tar     tar {]ơAèSYLF
•  *.tar.gz  tar {]ɮסA𫟺åBgL gzip YI

ثe`Y{DnNOpPW쪺ɦWǫOաI̦nO compress oӳåFAӫAӪ GNU pe}oXs@NYO gzip ( GNU zip ) ΨӨN compress oӦѵPYOAA٦ bzip2 oYnYOOILAoǫOq`ȯw@ɮרYPYAp@ӡACYPYn@jɮסAZФHHAɡAөҿתy]nzN㪺ܭnաIb Unix-Like AӳnܦnALNO tar o{Io tar iHNܦhɮסy]z@ɮסIƦܬOؿ]iHo򪱡CLAª tar \ȬOy]zӤwAYONܦhɮ׶@ɮסAƹWALèSY\AӡA GNU peAN tar PY\൲Xb@_Ap@ӴѨϥΪ̧KåBjjYP]\I
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Uڭ̴Nӽͤ@ͳoǦb Linux U򥻪YOaI

---

• compressG

ykG

[root @test /root ]# compress [-d] filename  ѼƻG  -d  GYѼơI  dҡG  copy /etc/man.config root UAANLYݬ [root @test /root]# cp /etc/man.config /root [root @test /root]# compress man.config [root @test /root]# compress -d man.config.Z  [root @test /root]# uncompress man.config.Z

oOΨYPYɦW *.Z OIҥHݨ *.Z ɮ׮ɡANӭnDLOg compress oӵ{YIoO²檺YOoILAϥΪɭԻݭnSOdNOAAH compress YApGSUFLѼơA쥻ɮ״N|QӪ *.Z ҨNIHWרҨӻG쥻Yɮ׬ man.config AYANu|ѤU man.config.Z oӸgLYɮoIYOHAhON man.config.Z Y man.config IϥΤW²աIYFiHϥ compress Vd oӰѼƤ~A]iHϥ uncompress INۦPաI
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---

• gzip, zcatG

ykG

[root @test /root ]# gzip [-d#] filename <==YPY [root @test /root ]# zcat filename.gz     <==ŪYɤe ѼƻG  -d  GYѼơI  -#  GYšA 1 ̤nA 9 ̦nA 6 Ow]ȡI  dҡG  [root @test /root]# gzip man.config       | man.config.gz oɮ  [root @test /root]# zcat man.config.gz |ŪX man.config e [root @test /root]# gzip -d man.config.gz  [root @test /root]# gunzip man.config.gz YA man.config oɮ [root @test /root]# gzip -9 man.config      H̤jYY testing oɮסI

gzip OΨYPYɦW *.gz OIҥHݨ *.gz ɮ׮ɡANӭnDLOg gzip oӵ{YIt~A gzip ] Y񪺪AȡI -1 O̮tYAOYt׳̧֡A -9 MiHFΪY]gLYAɮפp@ǡI^AOo|l@dztסIw]O -6 oӼƭȡI gzip ]O۷`ϥΪ@YOOIܩ zcat hOΨŪYɸƤeOIpڭ̭Yɮ׬O@ӤrɡAAٰOopŪrɶܡHISINOϥ cat AŪYɩOHINOϥ zcat oIѩ gzip oYODnQnΨӨN compress AҥH compress Yɮפ]iHϥ gzip ӸѶ}IPɡA zcat oӫOiHPŪ compress P gzip YI
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• bzip2, bzcatG

ykG

[root @test root]# bzip2 [-dz] filename <==YYO [root @test root]# bzcat filename.bz2   <==ŪYɤeO ѼƻG -d  GYNI -z  GYNI dҡG P˪Aڭ̥HLӪ /root/man.config oɮ׬ [root @test root]# bzip2 Vz man.config [root @test root]# bzcat man.config.bz2 [root @test root]# bzip2 Vd man.config.bz2 [root @test root]# bunzip2 man.config.bz2

𫍧 compress ɦW۰ʫإ߬ .Z Ao̪ bzip2 hO۰ʪNɦWظm .bz2 oIҥHڭ̨ϥΨ㦳Y\઺ bzip2 Vz ɡA𫍧 man.config N|۰ʪܦF man.config.bz2 oɦWoInFApGڷQnŪoɮתeOHO_@wnѶ}HMݭnoIiHϥ²K bzcat oӫOŪeYiIҦpWҤlAڭ̥iHϥ bzcat man.config.bz2 ŪƦӤݭnѶ}I~AznѶ}@YɮɡAoɮתW٬ .bz, .bz2, .tbz, .tbz2 ANiHըϥ bzip2 ӸѬݬݰաIMoA]iHϥ bunzip2 oӫOӨN bzip2 Vd o
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---

• tarG

ykG

[root @test /root ]# tar [-zxcvfpP] filename  [root @test /root ]# tar -N 'yyyy/mm/dd' /path -zcvf target.tar.gz source  ѼƻG  -z  GO_Pɨ㦳 gzip ݩʡH  -x  GѶ}@YɮתѼƫOI  -t  Gd tarfile ̭ɮסI -c  Gإߤ@YɮתѼƫO  -v  GYL{ɮסI  -f  GϥɦWAЯdNAb f nߧYɦWInA[ѼơI @@@ҦpϥΡy tar -zcvfP tfile sfilezNO~gkAng @@@y tar -zcvPf tfile sfilez~I -p  Gϥέɮתݩʡ]ݩʤ|̾ڨϥΪ̦ܡ^  -P  GiHϥε|  -N  G᭱(yyyy/mm/dd)٭ns~|Q]isتɮפI  --exclude FILEGbYL{AnN FILE ]I  dҡG  [root @test /root]# tar -cvf  directory.tar    directory  uNؿX]@ɮ  [root @test /root]# tar -zcvf directory.tar.gz directory  FNؿ]~APɥH gzip Y  [root @test /root]# tar -zcvf filename.tar.gz  /home/test/*  N /home/test/ oӥؿUɮץ]Y@ filename.tar.gz ɮ [root @test /root]# tar -xvf  directory.tar  tar ʥ]AЪ`NAѩS gzip (.tar ӫD .tar.gz) @ΡAҥHunϥ Vxvf YiIݭn[W z A_h|ܦDI [root @test /root]# tar -zxvf directory.tar.gz  oӴNO[W gzip YGIҥHݭn[W Vz I [root @test /root]# tar Vztvf directory.tar.gz o t iHΨӬd tar ̭ɮ׸TOIӤݭnNLѶ}I [root @test /root]# tar -zcvPf home.tar.gz /home  hإ߰_ӪYɤɮ׬|  Ъ`NAϥγo P ѼƮɡAnN P [b f ᭱A] f nߧYɦW~I [root @test /root]# tar -N '2002/06/25' -zcvf home.tar.gz /home  WO b /home oӥؿA 2002/06/25 ٭nsɮפ~|Q]iJ home.tar.gz oɮפI  [root @test /root]# tar -zcvf host.tar.gz / --exclude /mnt --exclude /proc  WOANڥؿҦƳ]i host.tar.gz oɮפAO /mnt /proc h]I  [root @test /root]# tar -cvf - /home | tar -xvf - WNOyN /home ]AYb /root UIzKKIݭnAإߤ@ɮסILAϥΤWyk̦nϥΡy|zA|DIoӤ觋AXQnإߤɮ׮ɡI

• oO@Ӧhγ~YOIڭ̴쪺 compress P gzip OiHAΦb@ɮתYWAOpGOnY@ӥؿOHIoɸӦpOnHII tar NWγFI tar iHNӥؿΪ̬OWwɮ׳X@ɮסIҦpWĤTӽdҡALiHN /home/test UɮץX@ɮסIӲĤ@ӽdҤAhONؿX@ɮסIPɡA tar iHtX gzip ]o gzip \wgwg[W tar ̭hF^APɾXYIIܤKaIy tar Ψӧ@ƥOܭnOI zӥѩ tar XL᪺ɮקڭ̳q`|W *.tar AӦpG٧t gzip YݩʡANW *.tar.gz oIoɦWuOFKڭ̰Oгoɮ׬Oݩʽ}FIèSڪNqbI
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• t~Aݭn`NOAbϥΪѼƤ譱A٦XӦΪѼƻݭnAѤ@fAYO -p P -P oӡIpGAgb crontab ̭UFL@dzƥOɡA``| root HANOAtη|iDAyڱN / tar YeFIz]NOA쥻Aƥɮ׬O /home/test AOѩߥӧAbѶ}YɭԡA|ͤ@ǧxZA]b tar ̭ɮצpGO㦳y|zܡAAѶ}ɮױN|y@wzbӸ|U]NO /home/testAӤO|]o̽ХΤߪQ@QI^Aoˤl̤jxZOAU@HFAoɮסAåBNɮצbLtΤWѶ}IU@LtΤW] /home/test oӥؿAILɮ״N|yzQл\FIҥHoAbw]pApGOHy|zӫإߥ]ɮסAN|۰ʪN / IoOF軡ywzeҰw]ȡCnFIOANOnH|ӫإߥ]ɮסIN[J -P oӰѼƧa]Ъ`NIOjgr^Io˴NiHաI -p O]pgr^HI -p O permission NA]NOyvzաIϥ -p AQ]ɮױN|̾ڨϥΪ̪ӧvI
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• o٦@ӭȱo`NѼINObƥpܱ`ϥΪ -N oӰѼơIAiHѦҤ@UWҤlNiHDաIboӨҤlA۷nNOӤաIbƥpAڭ̳Ʊunƥsɮ״NnFAOH]ªɮקڭ̤wgƥoIF٭nAƥ@AOɶ]Otθ귽IoӮɭԦ@ѼƴN㪺۷nFڡI
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• bWҤlA̫@ӨҤlܦytar cvf - /home | tar -xvf - zILOH޽uROy pipe zӶiYBYL{IbWҤlAڭ̷QnyN /home Uƪ copy ثeҦb|A]NO /root UӡzAOSıoϥ cp -r I·СANHoӥ]觋ӥ]A𫟺AO̭ - NOܨӳQ]ɮװաIѩڭ̤QnɮצsbAҥHNHo@Ӥ觋Ӷiƻs欰աI
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• tar \۷hAӥѩLOgѡy]zABz@ӹL{AҥH``ڭ̷|ť tarball ɮסANOg tar ]AYɮװաI~A tar ]iHΦbƥxsCWA̱`NOϱaFI]ڪϱaN /dev/st0 AڭnNڪ /home UƳLƥWhɡANOϥ tar /dev/st0 /home NiHաIܤaI
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b Linux A gzip wgQXb tar ̭FIO Sun Ϊ̨Lª Unix A tar èSX gzip AҥHpGAݭnYܡANݭno򰵡G
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gzip -d testing.tar.gz
tar -xvf testing.tar
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Ĥ@ӨBJ|Nɮ׸YAĤGӨBJ~ONƸѥXӡIPLY{Ӥ@˪OA bzip2, gzip P compress bS[JSѼƪɭԡAɮ׷|QNAOϥ tar hӪPӪɮ׳|sbI
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---

• cpioG

ykG

[root @test /root ]# cpio -covB  > [file|device]<==ƥ [root @test /root ]# cpio -icduv < [file|device]<==٭ ѼƻG  -o GN copy Xɮשθ˸mW  -i GNƦɮשθ˸m copy XӨtη  -t Gd cpio إߪɮשθ˸me  -c G@ظs portable format 觋xs  -v GxsL{ɮצW٥iHbùW  -B Gw] Blocks iHW[ 5120 bytes Aw]O 512 bytes I  @@ o˪nBOiHjɮתxstץ[(аѦ i-nodes [)  -d G۰ʫإߥؿIѩ cpio eiणObP@ӥؿA      pܦbϳƥL{|DI oӮɭԥ[W -d ܡA      NiH۰ʪNݭnؿإ߰_ӤFI  -u G۰ʪNsɮл\ªɮסI  dҡG  [root @test /root]# find / -print | cpio -covB > /dev/st0  NjM쪺ɮצsϱa  [root @test /root]# cpio -icduv < /dev/st0  Nϱa٭^ӡI  [root @test /root]# cpio -icdvt < /dev/st0 > /tmp/content  Nϱae(ɦWӤw)s /tmp/content  [root @test /root]# find / -type -f | cpio -o > /tmp/root.cpio  [root @test /root]# cpio -i < /tmp/root.cpio  WoӨҤliHW@ݬݡIX /tmp/root.cpio oɮסAMAL٭^ӡI

o cpio Z_OIL̾AΩƥɭԨϥΪ@ӫOFIOH]Lä cp @ˡAiHNɮ׵L copy LhAҦp cp * /tmp NiHNҦbؿҦɮ copy /tmp UAb cpio oӫOΪkAѩ cpio LkŪɮסAӬOݭnyC@ɮשΥؿ|sPɦW@_z~iHQOUӡI]A cpio ̱` find oӫO@_ϥΤFIo cpio nnIOAKKILiOƥɭԪ@QOI]LiHƥɮסA]A /dev U˸mɮסIIҥHLiO۷nOIIzOaI ӥѩ cpio ݭntXL{AҦp find ӫإɦWAҥHA cpio P޽uROΩROɦVʴN۷nFIWҤlniHΨӽƲߤ@UW@`̭쪺eI[oաI
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• ƥGbƥΪkALiHXɮשΪ̬O˸mAOpeLAAntX find oӫOnI -o ܱNɮשΥؿXkhNIٰOoROɦVܡHաINOӪFoIbWҤlAڭ̱NƥƵL copy ϱaYhIӺϱa˸mNNO /dev/st0 oI
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• ٭Gp󵹥LϹLӸѶ}OHIiHLUF cpio -i NO input NաIҦpWYҤloIoӫOiHhݬݩO