Linux pе -- RPM P Tarball M޲z - 鸟哥的 Linux 私房菜

RPM P Tarball M޲z wggLjT׭קAФOѦҡG(oӺeNA~@)
lXP Tarball M޲z
RPM M޲z

̪sG2003/02/11

ݭnɯŮMH
RPM M޲z{
@@O RPM B SRPM H
@@O i386, i586, i686, noarch H
@@SRPM P RPM һݭnw˥ؿ
@@RPM OϥG
@@@@w
@@@@ɯŻPs
@@@@d
@@@@
@@@@Ϧw˻PظƮw
Tarball ޲zk
@@O Tarball ( source code )
@@Tarball ݭn¦M
@@Tarball w˪򥻨BJ
@@Tarball Pɯ
n RPM ٬O TarballH
祃wG ldconfig, ldd,
n饿TG md5sum
귽
Dm

ݭnɯŮM

ouO@ӫܦ쪺DAݭnɯŮMHpGڪB@nnAڷFݭnɯšHq`ڭ̤ɯŪ]DnTӡG

ݭns\A¦DèSAҥHݭnw˷sMF

ªMWi঳wWU{AҥHݭnssMF

ªMįणAΪ̰檺O޲z̺C

bWݨDAרݭn`NOĤGIA@ӮM󦳦wWU{ɡAdUnháAsMaI_hyMAiOx۪?skǩOHAثeb Linux ̭۷hPsM󪺤觋A]AF Red Hat oi RPM P up2date uWsҦF Debian o distribution YϥΪ dpkg kFSun Unix WϥΪ pkg ɯŤ觋FثeVӶVy檺 apt uWsҦF٦lXY̱`ϥΪ Tarball sĶkApGn@Ӥ@ӻܨ]Ӳ֤HF?ҥHAo̧ڭ̥Hثeb Mandrake, Red Hat, OpenLinux Linux distributions ` RPM P Tarball MɯŤ觋Ӷi满G

RPM

ثeϥγ̼sxM޲z{@AQθƮw޲z觋ӶiM󪺦wˡA㦳۷eާ@AӥBMdҪ\۷jjAL·ЪabLݩʬ̪ۨDF

Tarball

HlX( source code )gLsĶAiwˡCbwˤW㦳jFסAiHHɧϥΪ̳ߦnѼơCOݭnLMUAҦp gcc compiler, kernel-header, make M󵥵AåBbϦwˤW㦳@w{תxסF
oؤkOUuIաAڭ̳o̷Qnӽͤ@ RPM P Tarball wˤ觋FI

RPMM޲zG

O RPM B SRPM H

RedHat Package Manager

ѩwgsĶåB]AҥHwˤWܤKF
ѩM󪺸TwgOb Linux DƮwWAܤKdߡBɯŻPϦwˡF

w˪ҥP]ɪһݨD@Pά۷F
ݭnM󪺬ۨݩʻݨDF
ϦwˮɻݭnSOpߡA̩hM󤣥iA_hiyӨtΪDI

q` SRPM ɦWO ****.src.rpm o@ɮ׮榡

O i386, i586, i686, noarch

xxxxxxxxx.rpm @<==RPM 榡Awg]˧ rpm ɮסF
xxxxx.src.rpm @<==SRPM榡A]tsĶlXTC

rp-pppoe-2.6-5.i386.rpm

rp-pppoe - 2.6 - 5 . i386 .rpm
Ĥ@ӳOMW oOM󪺪T oOX oOAXw饭x ɦWӤw

MWGMNOC@ӮM󪺦W٤FI

TGC@sNݭn@ӪTA_hp󪾹Do@OsO¡Ho̳q`SD򦸪AϥܦhաI

XG]NOsĶưաI򬰦ݭnƪsĶOHoOѩP@M󤤡Aiѩ󦳬Y bug Ϊ̬OwWU{AҥHns]w쥴]ɭԪ]wѼơA]w᭫ssĶå] RPM ɮסI]NP]ƥX{FI

ާ@w饭xGoOӫܦnaAѩ RPM iHAΦbPާ@xWAOѩ󤣦Px]wѼ٬OҮtʡIҥHNҿת i386, i586, i686 P noarch ɮצW٥X{FI

i386GXGAΩҦ x86 xA׬Oª pentum Ϊ̬Os pentum-IV P K7 tC CPUAiH`u@I i O Intel ۮe CPU NAܩ 386 λANO CPU ŰաI
i586GNO 586 ŪqAOǩOH]A pentum Ĥ@N MMX CPUA AMD K5, K6 tC CPU ( socket 7 } ) CPU OoӵšF
i686Gb pentun II H᪺ Intel tC CPU A K7 HᵥŪ CPU ݩo 686 šI
noarchGNOSw鵥ŤWC

SRPM P RPM u@ɭԩһݭnw˥ؿ

SRPM sĶL{G

责 SRPM YtOgsĶlXAҥHڭ̻ݭnN SRPM isĶ]ʧ@IsĶOb̶iOHѩsĶɭԷ|NlXYXӡAåBNѼƱﶵ]PɪѶ}AҥHN@ǸƷ|X{FAoǸƩb̩OHAiHA /usr/src oӥؿ̭hdݤ@UAq`C distribution ѪؿӬۦPAH Mandrake 9.0 ҡALOH /usr/src/RPM u@ؿA Red Hat OH /usr/src/redhat u@ؿA Openlinux hOH /usr/src/openlinux u@ؿILצpAϥNOb /usr/src oӥؿUNFInFAJMڭ̬Ob Mandrake 9.0 AҥHN /usr/src/RPM Yhݤ@G

/usr/src/RPM/SPECGoӥؿmOӮM󪺳]wɡAҦpoӮM󪺸TѼơB]wصmbo̡F
/usr/src/RPM/SOURCEGoӥؿmOӮM󪺭lɡ]*.tar.gzɮס^H config oӳ]wɡF
/usr/src/RPM/BUILDGbsĶL{AǼȦsƳ|mboӥؿF
/usr/src/RPM/RPMSGgLsĶAåBQsĶ\AN]ɮשmboӥؿCY]tF i386, i586, i686, noarch.... ؿC

RPM w˹L{G

/etc @ǳ]wɩmؿAҦp /etc/samba
/usr/bin @ǥiɮ
/usr/lib @ǵ{ϥΪʺA祃w
/usr/share/doc @ǰ򥻪nϥΤUP
/usr/share/man @ man page ɮ

RPM OϥΡGwBɯŻPsBdBBϦw˻PظƮw

wˡG

[root @test /root]# rpm --rebuild rp-pppoe-2.6-5.src.rpm <==SRPM
[root @test /root]# rpm --recompile rp-pppoe-2.6-5.src.rpm <==SRPM
[root @test /root]# rpm -ivh rp-pppoe-2.6-5.i386.rpm <==RPM

--rebuildGoӰѼƷ|N᭱ SRPM iysĶzPy]zʧ@AOèSwˡAzϥ --rebuild ɭԡA̫q`|o{@rG

Wrote: /usr/src/RPM/RPMS/i386/rp-pppoe-2.6-5.i386.rpm

oӴNOsĶ RPM ɮoIoɮ״NiHΨӦw˰աIw˪ɭԽХ[|Ӧw˧YiI

--recompileGoӰʧ@|ysĶzy]zåBywˡzoIЪ`NA rebuild ȡysĶå]zӤwA recompile isĶ򥴥]A٦PɶiywˡzFI

-ivhGNOΨӦw RPM ѼƦӦboӰѼƤUAѩ|@ǡyۨݩʡzDAΪ̬Ogw˹LɮתDAҥHziHA[HUѼƨӡyjzwˡG

--nodepsGҼ{ۨݩʪYALjwˤUhF
--replacepkgsGpGoӮM󤧫ew˹LAzQnл\oӮMA򤣻ݭnϦw˫AwˡAiH[W --replacepkgs jл\F

--replacefilesGpGoӮMw˧AgQAקLɮשOHNOw˹L{|X{yconfilcting files zܡA򪽱H --replacefiles л\oɮקaI

[root @test /root]# rpm -ivh rp-pppoe-2.6-5.i386.rpm
[root @test /root]# rpm -ivh --nodeps rp-pppoe-2.6-5.i386.rpm <==Ҽ{̼ۨҲ
[root @test /root]# rpm -ivh --replacepkgs rp-pppoe-2.6-5.i386.rpm <==л\w˹LM
[root @test /root]# rpm -ivh --replacefiles rp-pppoe-2.6-5.i386.rpm <==л\QקLDɮ

ϥ RPM ӤɯůuO²FINH Uvh ӤɯŧYiIObjqɯŪAϥ Fvh hOn@kCOݭn`NOApGzϥΪO Fvh AzW|Lo@ӮMAܩpAӮMä|Qw˦bz Linux DWAҥHЭsH ivh Ӧw˧aI

[root @test /root]# rpm -Uvh rp-pppoe-2.6-5.i386.rpm
[root @test /root]# rpm -Fvh *.rpm <==ҦbA Linux DWw˹LM~ɯ

`NOA Uvh OɯűzҼgJMAܩ Fvh hOyȤɯŦbztθ̭sbMzAҥHBͦbjqiM󪩥׸ɪɭԡAL̳Oo˰G

UoiӪ errata WUӳ̷s i386 ɮסF
ϥ -Fvh ӱNztΤw˹LMi׸ɻPɯšI]uOKrI^

1. qtάdߡ] /var/lib/rpm Ʈwoơ^
[root @test /root]# rpm -q rp-pppoe                 <==ȦCX rp-pppoe oӮM󪺪F
[root @test /root]# rpm -qa                     <==CXҦw˹LMPF
[root @test /root]# rpm -qi rp-pppoe            <==CX rp-pppoe oӮM󪺸ԲӸT
[root @test /root]# rpm -ql rp-pppoe            <==CX rp-pppoe oӮMw˪ɮ׻P|F
[root @test /root]# rpm -qf /etc/rc.d/init.d/pppoe <==d pppoe oɮݩ@ӮMH

2. ɮ׬dɮתe
[root @test /root]# rpm -qpi rp-pppoe-2.6-5.src.rpm <==d߳oӮM󪺸ԲӸTF
[root @test /root]# rpm -qpl rp-pppoe-2.6-5.src.rpm <== d߳oӮM̭h֪ɮפesb

d߮MGdߦw˹LMiHϥ -q YiDLM󪩥AOpGѰOM󪺥WAiHϥ

rpm -qa | grep pakagename ӿܥXAMI

Yϥ -qi hiHAѳoӮM󪺥DnTI

MMɮG``ڭ̧ѰO@ӮM󤺮etɮ׮ɡAiHϥ -ql Ӭd߸ӮMA|CX۷hɮI
ɮ״MMGoO̪oͪDANOzy~zFYɮסADLO@ӮM󪺡AIAiHиAP˨tΪB͡Aϥ -qf Ӭd߸ɮשݪMAM᭫sw˸ӮMNiHN^ӰաI

ϥ /var/lib/rpm UƮweӤثe Linux tΪҤUҦMɮ

[root @test /root]# rpm -V rp-pppoe <==ˬd rp-pppoe oӤwwˮMɮפePO_ۦP
[root @test /root]# rpm -Va <==ˬdҦ /var/lib/rpm UƮwP Linux tΤUO_ۦPɮסI

dҡG
[root @test /root]# rpm -V xinet
S.5....T c /etc/xinetd.d/echo
S.5....T c /etc/xinetd.d/echo-udp
S.5....T c /etc/xinetd.d/time
S.5....T c /etc/xinetd.d/time-udp

bɮצW٫eѼƻ
S Gfile Size differs]ɮתeqjpwQ^
M GMode differs (includes permissions and file type)]ɮתɮתݩʡApO_i浥ѼƤwQ^
5 GMD5 sum differs]MD5 o@إ[KbݩʤwQ^
D GDevice major/minor number mis-match]˸mW٤wQ^
L GreadLink(2) path mis-match]Link ݩʤwQ^
U GUser ownership differs]ɮתݤHwQ^
G GGroup ownership differs]ɮתݸsդwQ^
T GmTime differs]ɮתإ߮ɶwQ^

[root@test RPM]# rpm -ql crontabs <==d crontabs ɮסH
/etc/cron.daily
/etc/cron.hourly
/etc/cron.monthly
/etc/cron.weekly
/etc/crontab
[root@test RPM]# rpm -V crontabs <==oɮצǤwgQקFH
S.5....T c /etc/crontab

Ϧw˻PظƮwG

[root @test /root]# rpm -e re-pppoe <==Ѧw rp-pppoe
[root @test /root]# rpm --rebuilddb <==ظƮw

Tarball M޲zG

tar

gzip

O Tarball ( source code )

tar

(1)̭nlX

(2)wUӤPxsĶPާ@ѼƦӭqwPѼƳ]w

̦nN tarball lƸY /usr/local/src F
wˮɡA̦nw˨ /usr/local oӹw]|UF
Ҽ{ӪϦw˨BJA̦niHNCӮMWw˦b /usr/local UAҦpw rp-pppoe-2.6.tar.gz ɡAhiHwӮMݭnw˩ /usr/local/rp-pppoe Ap@ӡApGӮM|NҦƳgJ /usr/local/rp-pppoe A]AӦpGnӮMAunNӥؿRYi\FI
LWwˬYӮMbY@Sw|U@kA|ɭP man page ɭԡAϥιw] MANPATH |䤣ɮפeCoӮɭԴNnN man page |[ /etc/man.config ɮפFI_hϥ man ]dߤOϥΤkCHWҤlҡApGOwˤF /usr/local/rp-pppoe Aq` man page |b /usr/local/rp-pppoe/man AҥHAzNݭnb /etc/man.config ̭th 40~50 楪kaA[JUo@G

MANPATH /usr/local/rp-pppoe/man

o˴NiHϥ man Ӭd߸oI

Tarball ݭn¦M

ݭn Kernel sources filesG``@ Tarball bwˮɡA|ϥΨ Kernel lɮסAYb /usr/src/linux oӥؿUɮסAӸӥؿOݭnw˩Ϊ̽sĶL֤ߤ~|sbؿIoӰḎ`oͦbyXʵ{w˻PsĶz譱CҥHzbw Linux ɭԨS Kernel source Ϊ̦bSsĶ֤߮ɡAIiNSkwˤFI

ݭn make autoconfig MGݭnt~`NNOAڭٻݭn make oӮM~I~A٦ autoconfig M]ݭnwˤ~I oӪFiHѼƳ]w( q`NO Makefile oɮ )QQC

ݭn gcc cc sĶn ( compiler )GpGSsĶnA۵M]NLkNl{XsĶiH檺ɮװաIҥHܤ֭n@ؽsĶ~Ib GNU [c Linux WAڭ̳q`ϥΪO gcc oӥ[j\઺ C ysĶաIЪ`NGF gcc ~AsPW make MAXGbw Linux ɭԪ Software Development NNYI]NOAYOz w ɭԡAܪOګĳئwˤ觋ܡAz tarball wӰDjAYOSw˪ܡA֩wܦhMOLksĶ\IoӮɭԥunXz쪩СA@Ӥ@ RPM M[Jz Linux tηaI @_@

SOdNwˮɭԪܤuGѩbw˪ɭԡyw]ﶵèSN Kernel Development Software Development [Jw˪CzAҥHzpGܹw]ﶵܡAIϥ tarball uN|㪺OqߡIo@IٽЯSOSOdNOI

@w˨BJG

򥻤WA tarball w˥DnNOG

N tarball b /usr/local/src YF
bnY|Uإ Makefile oӰѼƳ]wɮסF
H make oӵ{èϥθӥؿU Makefile LѼƳ]wɡAӶi make (sĶΨL) ʧ@F
H make oӵ{AåH Makefile oӰѼƳ]wɡA̾ install تwӦw˨쥿T|I

~Aq`bCӳn骺 tarball A|W INSTALL Ϊ̬O README oɦWɡAoǻɽСyȥԲӾ\ŪzL@MAq`oɮ׷|Ooӳn骺w˭nDBn骺u@ءBPn骺w˰ѼƳ]wΧޥAunJӪ\ŪoɮסA򥻤WAnw˦n tarball ɮסA|jDo?򨺭 make bFH@ӨA make |̾ Makefile oɮתeAhMؼ(object file)Ϊ̬OsĶΪ̬Ow˪BJAw source code HӻAo make O۷nIb Makefile oɮפA|@ǤPBJӭni檺u@ءAҦp clean, install, compile AӦpGnMBJANO make clean Aw˴NUF make install AY make ᭱i檺u@A make oӤuN|̾ Makefile oɦWɮץhŪBJTAӶiӦʧ@I

OKIڭ̩U@Uj tarball n𫗪w˪OUF觋G

./configure GoӨBJNObإ Makefile oɮoIq`{}o̷|g@ scripts ˬdz Linux tΡBMݩʵAoӨBJ۷nA]ӱzw˸TOo@BJIt~AoӨBJTӭnѦҤ@UӥؿU README INSTALL ɮסII򥻤WAoӨBJ|إߡ]έק^@ Makefile AoNOѼɰաI

make cleanGmake |Ū Makefile clean u@CoӨBJ@w|AOƱ@UIOH]bisĶɭԡA|ͤ@ *.o ɮסAҦp abc.c lXAgLsĶ|ܦ abc.o ɮסIڭ̺ٳoɮ׬ object file AoɮצpGewgsĶLïdUӪܡAoAsĶɭԡAN|sĶɮסAMӥѩڭ̥iwgקFѼơA]ɮתsĶGƹWӷ|ҤPI]AFקKe@dUӪƥivTosĶGAҥHq`iHi@UoӨBJoI

makeGmake |̾ Makefile w]u@isĶ欰IsĶu@DnOi gcc ӱNlXsĶiHQ檺 object files AOo object files q`ٻݭn@Ǩ祃w link A~ಣͤ@ӧ㪺ɡIϥ make NOnNlXsĶiHQ檺iɡAӳoӥiɷ|mbثeҦbؿUA|Qw˨www˪ؿF

make installGq`oNO̫᪺w˨BJFAmake |̾ Makefile oɮ׸̭ install ءANW@ӨBJҽsĶƵLw˨wwؿANw˰աI

SOdNGЪ`NAWBJO@B@BӶi檺AӨ𫟺un@ӨBJLk\A򪺨BJNSki檺I]AnTwC@BJO\~iHI|ӨҤlӻAU@ѧAb ./configure N\FAN Makefile LkQإ߰_ӡAnDA᭱BJOھ Makefile Ӷi檺AJMLkإ Makefile A򪺨BJMLk\oIt~ApGb make Lk\ܡANܭlɮ׵LkQsĶiɡA make install DnONsĶɮ׵LwˤUhAJMS\ɤFAiwˡHҥHoAnC@ӨBJTL~~੹U~򰵡I~ApGw˦\AåBOw˦bWߪ@ӥؿAҦp /usr/local/packages oӥؿnFAzNݤʪNoӮM man page L /etc/man.config ̭hA]wkpe쪺@ҥܡC

Tarball PɯšG

/etc/httpd
/usr/lib
/usr/bin
/usr/share/man

/usr/local/etc
/usr/local/bin
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/man

/usr/local/apache/etc

/usr/local/apache/bin

/usr/local/apache/lib

/usr/local/apache/man

n RPM ٬O TarballH

u RPMG
o@OӦ쪺DGypGڭnɯŪܡAΪ̬Oswˤ@ӷsMAӿ RPM ٬O Tarball Ӧw˩OHzI򥻤WApG RPM iHѵz distribution ӦwˡAåBSYۨݩʪDɡAI RPM Ӧw˷|O@ӤnѨMסA Why HoOѩWN쪺 RPM nB աIiH㦳ɮ׻PƧuIAoNOW쪺 /var/lib/rpm oӥؿ̭ƮwAӰOiHAb޲zW󬰫KQA]AW쪺 RPM ɯšBwˡBһPCרObdߤWIiHAb޲zAtΤW󬰫KQCO RPM ]OSIA]A̬jaҩssyݩʬۨzDAC@ӤPANnHP RPM ɮרӦwˡI~ApGnɯšyY@ӮMzӤwɡAq`ٻݭnsaLM]n@_ɯŤ~A_h|DI~A@ӮMgLFyjTתקzAq`ª RPM Ps RPM wgXGLkyۮezɡAIɯũΪ̬OiO|aHIҦp̪Ḇͭ``ݨ쪺 Apache 1.3.xx P 2.0.xx ɯŰDIѩ[cWtʤӤjA[Wݩʬ̰ۨDo@ӧѨMסAoӮɭ RPM NXAFC]Dzn@Ӥ@ӪN Apache AsP̪ۨMAMAN Apache @Ӥ@ӪwˡA]AsM󪺬̮ۨMI ^_^ .....ڬO|o򰵪I ^

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ҥHoӮɭ Tarball 觋NSOAXzwˤFIoO] Tarball iHۦ]wsĶɪѼơA~A]iHۦ]wyw˸|zA۷AXQnwˡyhӤPP@ӮMzpIoO򻡩OHIѩ RPM ntXtθ̭LۨݩʪMAҥH򥻤WALw˸|]NOCɮתm|^zפWO񦺪ANOHNܥLw˸|A]AӤPۦPMQnժɭԡAj@wNoNA~w˨ϥΥoI]~Aѩ̪ۨMXGwg]tb tarball FAҥHwˤWäI^

M tarball iOo˪IAiHۦsĶåBw˦bP|AunbҰʪɭԱҰʾAA򤣦PMiHPɪsb@ӨtηAӥBiHzLܱҰʪɮרӱҰʤPCMoIA]iH tarball w˻P RPM w˦Pɦsb@ӨtηAOݭnSOdNOAAbҰʸӮM󪺮ɭԡAdUOoAҰʸ|IKoҰʨF~FII]o]O@ӨtΦsbPhӪMeoͪ~IƱjaAѳoӰDOI^

ҥHAFקKoظ|W~xZA򥻤WAڭ̳Ʊ Tarball w˸|iH]wb Linux 쥻NWnjaw˪|y /usr/local zoӸ|UIo˥iH٥h۷hMɮתɶIӥBb޲zW]|eII

LA Tarball ̳·Ъa観XIG

ϦwˡG

Tarball ̳·ЪaNbLyѦwzFI۷QIpGO²檺NҦMw˦b@ӥؿUܡAҦp /usr/local/mrtg ɡAѦwٺ²ANONӸ|N OK աIOpGO sendmail o@ةOHL|Owgm]ݭnb /etc/sendmail.cfB/etc/mail U^lܤϦw˪|NܷФHF

uWdߡG

pGzw˸|Ob /usr/local UܡAɷ|Qm /usr/local/bin AΪ̬O /usr/local/sbin UAѼɷ|b /usr/local/etc UAuWdɮ׷|b /usr/local/man UAҥHb]wW٦dߤWٺ²]|]w@UYiI^ALApGAONMw˦bW|UOHҦp /usr/local/mrtg UAܦF /usr/local/mrtg/bin UA̳·ЪaNO man page ]uWdߡ^maI|ܦb /usr/local/mrtg/man UFIV|Iw] man page |N䤣ӻoIoӮɭԴNnʪNӸ|[J /etc/man.conf oɮפIӥBɩm|]SwAiHg (1)Link 觋Ϊ (2)]w PATH ܼƪ觋NӸ|[ihաITO·ЪաI
ҥHARPM P Tarball UuIALApG RPM ܡAuv٬Ob RPM wˤWA޲zWKQAOpGM󪺬[ctʤӤjAΪ̬OLkѨMۨݩʪDAPj⪺ɶPObѨMݩʬ̪ۨDWA٤pH tarball ӦwˡAPSgNI

祃wơG ldconfig, ldd,

O祃wOHѩڭ̨ϥΪ Linux O@Ӭ۷p@~tΡAYƥiO۷hAMӦǰ{ҨϥΪtθ귽OۦPAҦpnJɭԤ ftp, ssh, telnet ݭnϥΨ pam ҲաAOOҦ{ݭnN pam ƼgJ{OHMݭnFI]tΥNwg pam FrIpϥγoǨtδѪTOHIoӮɭ԰ʺA祃wNiίʤFIPɡAݭnSOdNOA۷h祃wOyھ kernel ӳ]wzAҥHP kernel ̦nnHNۧIeyܦh{LkϥΨ祃wAӱIpoͪIUڭ̨ӽͤ@ͫo祃wơI

ldconfig

@

[root @test /root]# ldconfig [-f conf] [-C cache] [-p]
ѼƻG
-f conf Gϥ conf @ libarary 祃woAӤH /etc/ld.so.conf w]
-C cacheGϥ cache @֨Ȧs祃wơAӤH /etc/ld.so.cache w]
-p@@@GCXثeҦ祃wƤe]b /etc/ld.so.cache ơI^
dҡG
[root @test /root]# ldconfig -p
333 libs found in cache `/etc/ld.so.cache'
        libz.so.1 (libc6) => /usr/lib/libz.so.1
        libz.so (libc6) => /usr/lib/libz.so
        libxsltbreakpoint.so.1 (libc6) => /usr/lib/libxsltbreakpoint.so.1
        libxslt.so.1 (libc6) => /usr/lib/libxslt.so.1
        libxrx.so.6 (libc6) => /usr/X11R6/lib/libxrx.so.6
        libxrx.so (libc6) => /usr/X11R6/lib/libxrx.so
........
[root @test /root]# more /etc/ld.so.conf
/usr/kerberos/lib
/usr/X11R6/lib
[root @test /root]# ldconfig <==H /etc/ld.so.conf ei祃wء] /etc/ld.so.cache ^

G
tιw]祃wO ldconfig ]wgJ /etc/ld.so.cache IMѨtΨŪϥΡIzp󪾹Dثe祃wh֩OHIϥ ldconfig NiHDաIH ldconfig -p iHCX /etc/ld.so.cache eOI /etc/ld.so.conf SOOHI²ANOyثeAtΤDn祃wmؿzAHWҡAhDn XFree86 祃wmb /usr/X11R6/lib At~٦`Ϊ kerberos 祃w]\b𫟺IpGzL祃wݭngJtΤAtΥiHܧ֪Ө祃wӤHΪܡANAҦw˪M]q`O tarball M^Ҳͪ lib ؿALg /etc/ld.so.conf oɮפAMAH ldconfig sإ /etc/ld.so.cache YiI

ldd

@

[root @test /root]# ldd [-vdr] [filename]
ѼƻG
-v GCXҦeTF
-d GsNƦ򥢪 link IqXӡI
-r GN ELF ~eqXӡI
dҡG
[root @test /root]# cd /lib
[root @test /lib]# ldd libdb.so
        libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x400ae000)
        /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x80000000)
[root @test /lib]# ldd -v libdb.so
        libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x400ae000)
        /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x80000000)
        Version information:
        ./libdb.so:
                libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.1.3) => /lib/libc.so.6
                libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.1) => /lib/libc.so.6
                libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.2) => /lib/libc.so.6
                libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.0) => /lib/libc.so.6
        /lib/libc.so.6:
                ld-linux.so.2 (GLIBC_2.1.1) => /lib/ld-linux.so.2
                ld-linux.so.2 (GLIBC_2.2.3) => /lib/ld-linux.so.2
                ld-linux.so.2 (GLIBC_2.1) => /lib/ld-linux.so.2
                ld-linux.so.2 (GLIBC_2.2) => /lib/ld-linux.so.2
                ld-linux.so.2 (GLIBC_2.0) => /lib/ld-linux.so.2

G
pGz``ɯŦw RPM MɡAӱ``|o{ӡyۨݩzDaIHSIڭ̥iHH ldd ӵy̨ۨ祃wzʡIHoAѡIҦpWҤlAڭˬdF libc.so oӦb /lib 祃wAGo{Lٸ libc.so.6 OI]P ld-linux.so.2 IҥHڭ̴NݭnAѤ@UAɮר쩳OM󪺨祃wrIHϥ -v oӰѼ٥iHoӨ祃wӦ۩@ӮMIWƤANiHo libc.so.6 iH䴩 GLIBC_2.1.1 I

n饿T

bڭ̪ Linux tηAFȨtΰӡ] distribution ^Xɮ׳QקLA]|ҿת MD5 nҥ\IҦpbnxW̤j ftp ǳN sjǪ ftp Y Red Hat 7.3 oӥi}ЪMAbӥؿUAF㪺i}ЪMH(image)~Aٷ|W@ɦW MD5SUM ɮסAoɮתeIoˡG
@

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1
c9a4d963a49e384e10dec9c2bd49ad73 valhalla-SRPMS-disc1.iso
41b03d068e84d2a17147aa27e704f79b valhalla-SRPMS-disc2.iso
cb91810ce8173039fed24420407e4c59 valhalla-i386-disc1.iso
ec1b813d32ffdc8edc2be261735d17de valhalla-i386-disc2.iso
5dc81ce523cfddf99b4d4d63e91bcaa7 valhalla-i386-disc3.iso
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
Version: GnuPG v1.0.6 (GNU/Linux)
Comment: For info see http://www.gnupg.org
iD8DBQE8z/oCIZGAzdtCpg4RAsMvAJ9+xOn4Pw1T0mp8zVT64cEDWuqqKwCfblTd
4Lw0SvJC+v/6JbGIxJWL7aA=
=0xs+
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

@
oOAyb valhalla-i386-disc1.iso oɮפA MD5SUM ɮ׫ApGɮ׬O쥻}otӴѪɮ׮ɡ]SQקLI^AhH md5sum o{iɡA|o쥪䪺IzΩOHIIγ~ijFAe@}lO``o{ǧKOnQQΨӧ@ϥΪ̪qllB`WơAΨLϥΪ̨pHTܡHKKINOQγn骺SʨӡyzϥΪ̪NNAU@ Red Hat ѪЬMH(image)QUAߤHhקLAA Internet WyǡAAUoɮװOtѪAIAOҸɮתeSDܡHIM藍HIOAoӮɭԴN md5sum oɮ׫NNX{աILΪkaI

md5sum

@

[root @test /root]# md5sum [-bct] filename
[root @test /root]# md5sum [--status|--warn] --check filename
ѼƻG
-b Gϥ binary Ūɤ觋Aw] Windows/DOS ɮ׫AŪ觋F
-c G md5sum ɮ׫F
-t GHrAŪ md5sum ɮ׫C
dҡG
[root @test /root]# md5sum -t logfile.sh@@@@@<==ϥΤrAɮת md5
2a6da1ba121c7a83496fa2afc3e522bb logfile.sh@@@<==ܥXoɮת md5 e
[root @test /root]# echo testing >> logfile.sh@@<==ܤ@UɮפeݬݡF
[root @test /root]# md5sum -t logfile.sh@@@@@<==Aˬd@U
dc39058c7acbad49fbd13946407c2152 logfile.sh@@@<==KKIKXe@ˤFII
[root @test /root]# md5sum --status --check logfile.sh <==ݦɮצL md5sum Ы
md5sum: logfile.sh: no properly formatted MD5 checksum lines found
]oɮ׬OڦۤvإߪAèSgJ md5 ơAҥH....

G
@ӨACӨtθ̭ɮפejۦPAҦpAtΤ /etc/passwd oӵnJTɻPڪ@w@ˡA]ڭ̪ϥΪ̻PKXB Shell ήaؿjۦPAҥH md5sum oɮ׫R{ҦۦpXӪMNۦPoIHWҤlӻA쥻 logfile.sh QܤAbg md5sum p@AKKIܤFoFڭ̪ɮ׳QקLFAPeۦPoI
nFApϥγoӪFOH򥻤WAznzoǭnɮ׶iƮwإߡ]nbfլdI^ANUoɮ׫إ߸ƮwG
@

/etc/passwd

/etc/shadow]pAϥΪ̧KXF^

/etc/group

/usr/bin/passwd

/sbin/portmap

/bin/login ]oӤ]ܮeQbI^

/bin/ls

/bin/ps

/usr/bin/top

@
AoXɮ׳̮eQקFI]ܦh차{檺ɭԡA٬O|ҿתy, PIDzFȳQ root ldXӡAҥHL̳|קoˬdƵ{ɮסApGAiHoɮ׫إ߫Ʈw]NOϥ md5sum ˬd@ANɮ׫OUӡAM``H shell script 觋ѵ{ۦˬdO_PFI^Aɮרtη|wաII

귽

̫eLFAMɯų̥DnҶqNOywʡzաIҥHHɪ`Nwʤ譱DIثeꤺDnwGyxWMBzpzoӲ´AHɪ`NWoGsDIt~ApG򳾭@˨ϥΪO Red Hat distrubution ܡA Red Hat Errata hi{InաIUCXX RPM P Red Hat Errata ѤjaѦoI

RPM ]ɮ׺޲z{Ghttp://www.study-area.org/tips/rpm.htm

RPM HOW-TOGhttp://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/RPM-HOWTO.html

RPM ϥΡGhttp://linux.tnc.edu.tw/techdoc/rpm-howto.htm

jaӧ@ RPM Ghttp://freebsd.ntu.edu.tw/bsd/4/3/2/29.html

@ RPM ѡGhttp://linux.tnc.edu.tw/techdoc/maximum-rpm/rpmbook/

Red Hat Errata Ghttps://#/apps/support/errata/

Dm ( nݵ׽бNƹʨyGzUťճBAUťճBYi )

2002/08/21GĤ@
2003/02/11GssƻP[J FAQ
2004/04/10GwgsܷseAoӺNA@I